Preheat the air fryer: Set your air fryer to 400°F (200°C). Let it heat while you prepare the fish for a better crust.
Prep the fish: Pat the tilapia fillets completely dry with paper towels.
Dry fish browns better and won’t steam.
Make the blackening blend: In a small bowl, mix smoked paprika, sweet paprika, garlic powder, onion powder, thyme, oregano, cayenne, black pepper, salt, and brown sugar (if using).
Oil and season: Brush both sides of each fillet lightly with oil. Sprinkle the seasoning evenly on both sides, pressing gently so it adheres.
Arrange in the basket: Lightly spray or brush the air fryer basket with oil. Place fillets in a single layer with space between them.
Work in batches if needed.
Air fry: Cook for 7–10 minutes total, flipping once halfway through. Thin fillets may be done in 6–7 minutes; thicker ones may take up to 10.
Check doneness: The fish should flake easily with a fork and reach an internal temperature of 145°F (63°C).
Finish and serve: Squeeze fresh lemon over the fillets. Garnish with chopped herbs and serve hot.